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Search Results
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DAMAGES RESULTING FROM DIVORCE (DOCTRINE AND JURISPRUDENCE IN ARGENTINA)
This paper seeks to examine the scholarly and jurisprudential developments in Argentina concerning compensation for damages caused by divorce. Traditionally, Family Law was deemed impervious to the rules of tort. however, in recent years a new hermeneutic has appeared which applies the general principles of civil liability to damages arising from family relationships, and especially the losses caused by divorce.
The paper takes into account developments in case law, scholarly writing and reforms to the Civil Code and the various solutions proposed to amalgamate the particular characteristics of family relations and family law, and the changes in the framework of modern law of damages.
The paper addresses each option for liability (in contract or tort) and notes applicable jurisprudence.
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THE PROOF OF SPECIFIC CAUSATION: AN INSURMOUNTABLE BARRIER TO IMPOSE ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY AND TORT LIABILITY FOR HARMS ARISING FROM CLIMATE CHANGE?
In this article I argue that, in order to overcome successfully the current impossibility of showing the causal link between greenhouse gas emissions released by one or more individualized agents and the environmental and/or personal damage for which reparation is sought –immediately attributable to specific climate changes and more remotely to global warming where their activity has an impact– it is not enough for the Chilean environmental courts and courts of justice to use judicial presumptions and shift the burden of proof to those actors, but they would have to modify radically their understanding of the foundation and aim of environmental liability and tort law, through the replacement of the traditional and deterministic idea of causation, based on but for test, by a probabilistic notion of it, supported by the climate attribution science and normative criteria of causation, whereby the emitters are held liable for harm that most likely did not inflict but at most contributed to cause.
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THE AUTONOMY OF DAMAGES IN THE RECENT NATIONAL CASE LAW: A PARADIGM SHIFT?
The current work aims to tackle the autonomy of damages compensation for breach of contract within the current national precedent, by analyzing, systematizing and determining the pertinence of the premises and arguments that have been cited by the national courts to hold autonomy damages against breach of a debtor, getting away from the judicial reasoning which, for decades has postulated that this remedy could only be demanded as an accessory action or remedy, concurrent or supplementary to the aspiration of specific performance remedy or termination of contract.
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PANORAMA DE LA RESPONSABILIDAD CIVIL DE LOS PROFESIONALES SANITARIOS POR WRONGFUL BIRTH Y WRONGFUL LIFE
A lo largo del siglo xx se ha producido un incremento de las demandas de responsabilidad civil, así como, especialmente, de responsabilidad civil médica. Este incremento ha llevado a la pretensión de reparación de nuevos tipos de daños, entre ellos, los daños asociados al nacimiento o a la vida. En este trabajo se analizan dos de estas nuevas pretensiones de reparación de daños (las acciones de wrongful birth y wrongful life), en las que se plantea la posibilidad de reclamar responsabilidad a un profesional sanitario en el supuesto de nacimiento de un niño afectado por enfermedades o defectos físicos o síquicos de los que no fueron informados los progenitores previamente a la concepción o durante el embarazo. El análisis se aborda desde la perspectiva de la concurrencia de los elementos de la responsabilidad en ambos tipos de demandas. Dos de ellos, el daño y la relación de causalidad, aparecen como los principales obstáculos a la pretensión de indemnización ejercitada por los progenitores y por el niño en estos casos.
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SETTLEMENT OF THE JUDGMENT GIVEN IN A CLASS PROCEDURE AND ALTERNATIVES FOR THE REPAIR OF INDETERMINATE CONSUMERS
This paper analyzes the rule pronounced by the Court of Appeals of Santiago on September 7, 2023, in case No. 5740-2021, titled “Servicio Nacional del Consumidor con Farmacias Cruz Verde y otras”, referring to the payment of damages suffered by consumers in the “Farmacias Case”, which condemned Farmacias Cruz Verde, Salcobrand and Fasa for collusion and which resulted in a collective proceeding ordering the payment of the corresponding indemnities to consumers. This proceeding ended with an agreement between SERNAC and Farmacias Cruz Verde and Salcobrand, excluding Fasa, which decided to continue with the proceeding by means of an appeal.