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SOME CONSIDERATIONS RELATED TO THE CHILEAN MARITIME TRANSPORTATION CONTRACT UNDER THE BILL OF LADING REGIME FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE NEW CONTRACT LAW
The new Contract Law that has emerged from the CISG has meant a change in the way of conceiving the contract, the breach and the way of structuring the contract remedies in case of breach. In this way, the modern doctrine has made its efforts to prove that the rules of the new Contract Law can be applied in Chile and, therefore, the remedies in case of contract breach are also applicable. In this context, the present work aims to analyze the Chilean maritime transportation contract under the Bill of Lading regime from the perspective of the new Contract Law and to examine how this new conception influences the notion of breach and the remedies in case of contract breach, emphasizing the compensation remedy.
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REVIEW OF THE EFFICIENT BREACH OF CONTRACT IDEA FROM A CONTRACT LAW PERSPECTIVE
The theory of efficient breach of contract is one of the core components of the economic analysis of contract law. This paper makes a review of this theory. On this respect, and starting from an instrumentalist perspective, consistent with law and economics, the paper claims that efficient breach is an inadequate approach towards the analysis of remedies for breach of contract.
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ABOUT START RUNNING OF LIMITATION ACTIONS FOR BREACH OF CONTRACT
The enforceability rule to establish the computation of the extinctive prescription period constitutes the general rule in the law of obligations.
Its traditional interpretation assumes it as a simple matter, the exception of which is the obligation subject to a term or condition precedent. The existence of the credit and the action for its execution or fulfillment constitute the essential trace for its understanding. However, as will be demonstrated in this work, this understanding is not satisfactory, at least in its traditional understanding, to set the time of the prescription of the indemnity action derived from breach of contract. It will be reasoned and concluded that the indemnity action for breach of contract will not apply without the manifestation of the damage.
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LIMITATION OF ACTION AND BREACH OF CONTRACT
The French law of extinctive prescription, since 2008, establishes a double limitation system based on a subjective delay, starting with the beneficiary’s knowledge, plus a time limit. The application of this system to the remedies for breach of contract is not an easy task. One could say that the knowledge of a breach –or at least the possibility of such knowledge– fixes the starting point but this cannot be satisfactory from the point the view of the elements of each remedy. The same can be said regarding the maximum time limit.
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COMPENSATORY DAMAGES FOR BREACH OF BILATERAL CONTRACTS AS AN AUTONOMOUS REMEDY IN CHILEAN PRIVATE LAW
The present work aims to determine if, while facing breach of contract, the creditor can opt indiscriminately among claiming the termination of the contract, specific performance, or damages compensation; or whether that choice is limited only to the termination of the contract or specific perfor- mance, in both cases together with damages compensation. In order to do that, this work also analyses the articles contained in the Chilean Civil Code and the model which the new contract law offers nowadays in this matter.
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BRIEF REVIEW OF LIABILITY FOR INTERFERENCE OF CONTRACTS COMPETITOR IN CHILE IN LIGHT OF THE COMMON LAW
This article seeks to make a contribution to a better understanding of liability for interfering and inducing the breach of contracts made by rivals, a novel area of tort law in Chile. Section i introduces the problem which is particularly conspicuous in relation to non-compete clauses. Section iibriefly describes tort liability for interfering with another’s contract, the paradigm followed in France that has had a clear influence upon part of the Chilean legal doctrine. Section iii, the main chapter of this paper, examines the tort of inducing breach of contract typified in the LCD; it reviews the conditions for attributing tort liability for this conduct in the light of English law; and it emphasizes the need for requiring bad faith and intention if liability is to be consistent with the freedom to compete. Section iv concludes that the future Chilean case law could impose tort liability for negligently bad faith interference with another’s contract or adhere to an even more conservative position that confines liability to the tort of inducing breach of contract, as happens in the English Law.