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Search Results
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DUE DILIGENCE ACCORDING TO THE UNGP: ANALYSIS OF ITS UTILITY TO DETERMINE THE DUTY OF CARE INFRINGEMENT ON THE CIVIL LIABILITY JUDGMENT
Considering that Chile does not have an exhaustive Due Diligence law or regulation in accordance with the UNGP, the purpose of this paper its to identify connection points between UNGP’s Due Diligence and the violation of a duty of care needed to establish civil liability. We argue that UNGP’s Due Diligence is useful to the civil court to rule the case, since it allows to specify diligence criteria to establish a duty of care infringement such as foreseeability, control of the activity and intensity of the impacts; through UNGP’s impact typology and its severity and control parameters, constituting a framework that conceptualizes what implies a human rights risk or what is dangerous to human rights, within companies or business holdings activities. The analysis of UNGP’s utility is proposed under the International Human Rights Law obligation to protect human rights falling under the civil jurisdiction, considering the problem posed by national doctrine and case law regarding how to determine what is foreseeable, what is under control, as well as what is dangerous, in order to be able to attribute civil liability.
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THE NEW PRINCIPLES OF FAMILY LAW
This paper presents a critical analysis of the new principles of family law, shows the influence of Human Rights in the great transformations of family law and especially in the configuration of its new principles. Insofar, a systematization of these principles is provided, and we propose to advance in their subject matter and identify their principal manifestations in positive law.
We propose as new principles of family law: the protection of the family, the protection of marriage, equity between the members of the family (spouse and children), the protection of the weakest in the family relationships (best interest of the child and weaker spouse), free will, and finally, the principle of minimum State intervention.
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EXPANSION AND LIMITS OF OBJECTIVE GOOD FAITH – WITH REGARD TO THE “PROYECTO DE PRINCIPIOS LATINOAMERICANOS DE DERECHO DE LOS CONTRATOS”
Good faith is a legal concept in ongoing expansion, as the text of theProyecto de Principios Latinoamericanos de Derecho de los Contratos indicates. However, the vague limits of this notion demand caution when applying it. This article describes the main functions fulfilled by good faith in modern legal systems by considering their recent historic evolution, and suggests the limits which should be observed when laying it down in the law and applying it in legal practice, in order to avoid its abuse.
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IS IT RIGHT THE ELECTION OF METHOD IN CALCULATING THE REDUCTION IN THE PRICE IN THE LATIN AMERICAN PRINCIPLES OF CONTRACT LAW?
The Latin American Principles of Contract Law project adopted the price reduction as a general remedy which can be applied to any contract, right position. They also approve a calculation method of reduction in price which is the same of art. 50 CISG. The paper, after an introduction which describes the process of unification of contract law in Latin American, realizes a critical analysis of this election and it demonstrates that this election is not the most appropriate.
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Instituto Internacional para la Unificación del Derecho Privado (2019). Principios UNIDROIT sobre los Contratos Comerciales Internacionales. 2016. Edición preparada por la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. Valparaíso: Ediciones Universitarias de Valparaíso.
Desde su creación en el año 1994, los Principios Unidroit sobre Contratos Comerciales Internacionales han experimentado una continua ampliación a través de las sucesivas ediciones aparecidas en los años 2004, 2010 y 2016. Es esta última la que ahora se presenta en una nueva publicación realizada por la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso de la mano de Álvaro Vidal Olivares y Rodrigo Momberg Uribe.
La edición chilena toma como base el trabajo realizado por un grupo de académicos compuesto por Javier Rodríguez Olmos (Colombia), Núria Bouza Vidal (España), José Moreno Rodríguez (Paraguay), Jorge Oviedo Albán (Colombia), Pedro Mendoza Montano (Guatemala) y Eugenio Hernández Bretón (Venezuela), quienes se han encargado de la traducción de las normas y comentarios de la versión 2016. Este equipo de trabajo ha realizado su labor bajo la dirección de Alejandro Garro (Argentina, Universidad de Columbia), quien ha estado a cargo de la versión en español de este instrumento desde su creación el año 1994. (...)
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SECURITY AND LEGAL CERTAINTY: RELEVANCE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE FOUNDATION OF THE PRESCRIPTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE SOLUTION OF A DIFFICULT CASE
Legal certainty accomplishes (among others) the function of being a general principle of our legal system, assuming a fundamental role in resolving so-called “difficult” cases. Since we start from the premise that difficult cases must be resolved considering the values and principles that support the civil institution involved, all those cases related to the statute of limitations must be interpreted in accordance with this general principle of law –and legal value– which undoubtedly serves it as a base. Faced with the particular and insistent question of whether the interruption of the statute of limitations requires the mere presentation of the claim or the legal notification of the same within the term, it is this principle the one that offers good reasons to opt for the second option.