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La excepción de contrato no cumplido frente a la destrucción parcial de la cosa arrendada. Corte Suprema, 3 de marzo de 2020, rol n.° 3.660-2018
Una de las cuestiones más espinosas que plantea el derecho de los contratos es la relación entre las disposiciones generales, tales como aquellas establecidas en el título “Del efecto de las obligaciones” (libro 4o, título xii del CC), y aquellas que el legislador dispone para cada contrato en particular. El caso objeto de este comentario pone de manifiesto este problema en el contexto del arrendamiento, particularmente en la hipótesis de perecimiento parcial de la cosa arrendada y la omisión del arrendador de proceder a su reparación, lo que motivó al arrendatario a suspender el pago de las rentas asilándose en la llamada excepción de contrato no cumplido del art. 1552. El rechazo de dicha excepción por parte de la Corte Suprema ofrece una interesante perspectiva de análisis sobre los límites del art. 1552 y sobre la lógica detrás de la regulación especial en materia de arrendamiento frente al deterioro de la cosa arrendada. (...)
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“ANY PARTY MAY TERMINATE THE SERVICE AT ANY TIME”. A STUDY ON THE BASIS AND SCOPE OF APPLICATION OF ART. 2009 OF THE CHILEAN CIVIL CODE
This work analyzes the foundation and scope of the rule of unilateral termination without cause (ad nutum) as stated in Article 2009 of the Chilean Civil Code, within the context of the “lease of intangible services”. This rule, frequently invoked in practice, has received limited doctrinal attention. The study reveals that, contrary to widely held beliefs, the rule is not based on the prohibition of perpetual obligations or the alleged intuito personae nature of the contract, but rather on the nature of the service for which the rule was designed.
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LEASE OF OFFICES AND BUSINESS PREMISES, PANDEMIC AND RENT ABATEMENT
This commentary analyses a recent decision which applies art. 1932 of the Civil Code to the coronavirus pandemic, which is qualified as a “legal defect” that would release the lessee from paying rent. Special attention is drawn to the criteria under which the pandemic is brought under this provision, as well as the fact that the lessee was released for the total amount of the rent and was granted the possibility of withholding the payment while the enjoyment of the leased good was restricted.
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