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SOME ISSUES OF RISKY IMPLANTABLE MEDICAL DEVICES TO BE INCLUDED IN THE CONCEPT OF DEFECT UNDER THE EU DIRECTIVE 85/374 AND THE REGULATORY RESPONSE OF THE EU DIRECTIVE 2024/2853 ON PRODUCT LIABILITY
This article aims to raise some issues related to the inclusion of risky implantable medical devices in the concept of defect under Directive 85/374, which, having particular characteristics related to the risky interaction, the intended purpose of the product, the inherent risks, the potential damage they could cause, require an assessment adjusted to the particular circumstances of these products. The subject is approached from the point of view of the risky implantable medical device, its regulation from the administrative sphere and the sphere of civil liability, to finally analyse whether these issues were resolved or maintained in the new European regulation on defective products, Directive EU 2024/2853, which aims to contribute to the proper functioning of the internal market, while guaranteeing a high level of protection for consumers and other natural persons.
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La excepción de contrato no cumplido frente a la destrucción parcial de la cosa arrendada. Corte Suprema, 3 de marzo de 2020, rol n.° 3.660-2018
Una de las cuestiones más espinosas que plantea el derecho de los contratos es la relación entre las disposiciones generales, tales como aquellas establecidas en el título “Del efecto de las obligaciones” (libro 4o, título xii del CC), y aquellas que el legislador dispone para cada contrato en particular. El caso objeto de este comentario pone de manifiesto este problema en el contexto del arrendamiento, particularmente en la hipótesis de perecimiento parcial de la cosa arrendada y la omisión del arrendador de proceder a su reparación, lo que motivó al arrendatario a suspender el pago de las rentas asilándose en la llamada excepción de contrato no cumplido del art. 1552. El rechazo de dicha excepción por parte de la Corte Suprema ofrece una interesante perspectiva de análisis sobre los límites del art. 1552 y sobre la lógica detrás de la regulación especial en materia de arrendamiento frente al deterioro de la cosa arrendada. (...)
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Shares sell agree d by an apparent director of a non-profit corporation
The paper analyzes a judgment of the Court of Appeals of Antofagasta that seller, a non-profit corporation, acted through directors whose election was later annulled in an electoral proceeding. The corporation, together with one of its members, argued that the contract lacked the will of the seller, and that its object was unlawful, because it violated a judicial prohibition to agree contract on the shares, which, however, at the time of the lawsuit had been revoked. The analysis presented in this commentary critically supports that judicial decision, based on the treatment corresponding to the acts entered by apparent directors and the scope of the nullity that derives from the violation of a judicial prohibition to enter into acts and contracts.
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OF REPUDIATION THE MATERNITY DUE TO CHILDBIRTH
This commentary analyzes a case related to a maternity repudiation due to childbirth and the confusion incurred between the Civil Registry (Registro Civil e Identificación) and the Court of Appeals of Antofagasta due to act of right’s waiver because of the impugnation of a maternity being as a legal institution.
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THE INFLUENCE OF TORT LAW ON STATE LIABILITY FOR LACK OF SERVICE
This article analyzes the influence of tort law on State liability for lack of service from Peter Cane’s theory developed in Tort Law and Public Functions. At this point, the paper addresses three fundamental aspects: the normative structure in the relationships of juridical inequality, the role of egalitarianism in State responsibility, and the duty to compensate the damages caused by public agents. First, it states that the normative structure of public responsibility must be understood in terms of corrective justice since there is a party that must correct the illegitimate damage caused by another. Second, it proposes that equality between the parties functions as a distributive criterion to reduce the state subordination exercised on the administered. Finally, it contrasts the objectives of State responsibility and tort law and identifies the general reasons why the Administration should compensate for the damages caused to the administered.
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Constitutional and legal regulation of water rights: current straints and proposals for their amendment
This paper illustrates the patrimonial aspects to which the water rights are subject in the constitutional logic and the effects that, of said ownership, radiate the water legislation. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate what is the scope of the domain over the water rights and to what extent the said institution can be framed within the private patrimonial logic of Civil law. Likewise, it will be analyzed how the proposed amendments to the content of the water rights can strain –until fracture– the link of said ownership with the categories of civil property.